Saruman the White was the first of the order of Wizards (or Istari) who came to Middle-earth as Emissaries of the Valar in the Third Age. For a time he was the chief of the Wizards, as well as the head of the White Council. However, through his appreciation of Sauron's innate strength, his envy of Gandalf and his overbearing hubris, the White Wizard fell into mimicry of the Dark Lord as his capable yet faithless servant, plotting to share in his power or to two-facedly seize the One Ring first.
Both at Sauron's whim and for his own ambitions, Saruman coordinated assaults from his Orthanc tower in Isengard against the realm of Rohan during the War of the Ring, while sapping the kingdom through his agent Gríma. However, the corrupted Wizard's legions were vanquished and he was forced to remain a prisoner in his own tower, though not for long. Allowed to leave Orthanc, he travelled to the Shire, which his outlaw pawns had gained control over, and became the hidden local thug lord. Saruman was again defeated by the rallied, oppressed Hobbits and he himself was backstabbed by Gríma for his mistreatment. His unbodied spirit was denied the West and fled naked and impotent, a fate not unlike that of Sauron.